Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
Other Medications · Approved since 1996
Description
Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analog chemotherapy agent that belongs to the pyrimidine antimetabolite class of cytotoxic drugs. While not a standard first-line treatment for colorectal cancer, it is used in specific clinical scenarios, particularly in combination regimens for metastatic disease or in patients who have failed standard fluoropyrimidine-based therapies. In colorectal cancer, gemcitabine may be considered as part of personalized treatment approaches or in combination with other agents for patients with specific molecular characteristics.
Mechanism of Action
Gemcitabine is metabolized intracellularly to its active diphosphate and triphosphate forms, which inhibit DNA synthesis through multiple mechanisms. The triphosphate form competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate for incorporation into DNA, causing chain termination and cell death. The diphosphate form inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, depleting deoxynucleotide pools necessary for DNA repair and synthesis.
Molecular Targets
Side Effects
Not all side effects are listed. Side effects vary by individual. Always consult your oncologist.
Clinical Trials
Quick Info
| Brand Name | Gemzar |
| Category | Other Medications |
 Status | FDA Approved |
 EMA Status | EMA Approved |
 Spain Access | Hospital use other indication |
| Administration | IV |
| Year Approved | 1996 |
| Clinical Trials | 33 |
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Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare team before making treatment decisions.