Gefitinib (Iressa)
Targeted Therapy · Approved since 2003
Description
Gefitinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). While primarily approved for non-small cell lung cancer, gefitinib has been evaluated in colorectal cancer patients, particularly those with advanced or metastatic disease. The drug blocks EGFR signaling pathways that promote tumor growth and survival. In colorectal cancer, gefitinib has been tested both as monotherapy and in combination with conventional chemotherapy regimens.
Mechanism of Action
Gefitinib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by binding to the ATP-binding site of the receptor's intracellular domain. This prevents EGFR autophosphorylation and downstream activation of signaling cascades including RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. By blocking these pathways, gefitinib inhibits cellular processes essential for tumor growth, including proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
Molecular Targets
Side Effects
Not all side effects are listed. Side effects vary by individual. Always consult your oncologist.
Clinical Trials
Quick Info
| Brand Name | Iressa |
| Category | Targeted Therapy |
 Status | Off-label |
 EMA Status | EMA Approved |
 Spain Access | Funded by SNS off-label in CRC |
| Administration | Oral |
| Year Approved | 2003 |
| Clinical Trials | 8 |
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Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare team before making treatment decisions.