Eflornithine (Ornidyl (for other indications), Vaniqa (topical formulation))
Other Medications · Approved since 1990
Description
Eflornithine is an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), an enzyme crucial for polyamine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. In colorectal cancer, it functions as a chemopreventive agent rather than active treatment, specifically used to prevent adenomatous polyp formation and reduce colorectal cancer risk. Based on clinical trial data, eflornithine is typically combined with sulindac for enhanced chemopreventive efficacy in high-risk populations, including patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and those with previous colon polyps.
Mechanism of Action
Eflornithine irreversibly binds to and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis. This inhibition depletes cellular polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), which are essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, and tumor growth, ultimately leading to reduced cell proliferation and adenoma formation.
Molecular Targets
Side Effects
Not all side effects are listed. Side effects vary by individual. Always consult your oncologist.
Clinical Trials
Quick Info
| Brand Name | Ornidyl (for other indications), Vaniqa (topical formulation) |
| Category | Other Medications |
 Status | Off-label |
 EMA Status | Not submitted to EMA |
 Spain Access | Hospital use |
| Administration | Oral |
| Year Approved | 1990 |
| Clinical Trials | 5 |
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Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare team before making treatment decisions.