Últimas investigaciones científicas sobre cáncer colorrectal
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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve outcomes in microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Pembrolizumab is a first-line option (KEYNOTE-177), but new data from CheckMate 8HW support nivolumab-ipilimumab. In the absence of head...
Currently, preclinical research on colorectal cancer (CRC) lacks effective tumor models. In recent years, 3D bioprinted models have shown great potential in tumor model construction. This study used 3D bioprinting technology to establish a CRC extracellular matrix (ECM) model. Gradient concentration...
While circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may guide adjuvant therapy in stage II-III colon cancer, detection largely hinges on systemic tumor shedding. In a secondary analysis of three prospective ctDNA studies, peritoneal metastases occurred in up to 9.4% of patients, were predominantly isolated, and wer...
In CAPP2, 600 mg aspirin daily significantly reduced the incidence of colorectal cancer and the incidence of all Lynch syndrome cancers among participants with Lynch syndrome. CaPP3 aimed to assess the efficacy of two lower doses of aspirin. CaPP3 was a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, doubl...
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a highly aggressive malignancy, continues to threaten many lives. Chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cell (CAR-NK) therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for CRC. CD133 is an important marker in many solid tumors, especially CRC. In this study, we gene...
Due to their complex anatomy, high heterogeneity, and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, gastrointestinal cancers severely restrict the effective delivery and function of oncolytic viruses (OVs). This review summarises current multidimensional strategies to improve OV delivery efficiency. Fi...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system. Exploring effective diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets has great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. ARID1A is frequently mutated in CRC, but its prognostic value for this disease remains con...
The invasive front and peritumoral region of colorectal cancers are replete with powerful prognostic biomarkers that can predict oncologic outcomes with far greater precision than achievable by tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage alone. This article considers both established and emerging invasive f...
Increasing efforts have focused on identifying vulnerabilities within the signaling networks of KRAS that sustain its oncogenic activity. Recently, Furin-like enzymes or proprotein convertase, proteases responsible for the activation of various signaling molecules, have emerged as key regulators. Fu...
Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but its clinical efficacy is hindered by therapeutic resistance. Here, we demonstrate that DNA ligase 1 (LIG1) is highly expressed in CRC and impairs chemosensitivity, highlighting LIG1 as a promising th...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with chemotherapy resistance representing a critical barrier to effective treatment. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in mediating resistance through complex immunosuppressive mechanisms that remain inc...
KRAS and BRAF mutations drive colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by sustaining aberrant signaling and promoting therapeutic resistance. Here, we identify TGF-β1-COX-2 axis as a critical regulatory pathway mediated by Furin in CRC harboring KRAS or BRAF mutation. Genetic silencing or pharmacologica...
Population-wide genomic screening (PWGS) programs can identify individuals at increased risk for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC), Lynch Syndrome (LS), and Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH). However, uptake of follow-up genetic counseling (GC) remains inconsistent, and limited data descr...
The costs of cancer therapies are rising rapidly worldwide, with novel therapies such as targeted treatment and immunotherapies being major contributors, but their effectiveness can be low or uncertain due to limited postmarket surveillance. Reliable biomarkers to identify patients highly unlikely t...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although substantial advances in chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have improved clinical outcomes in select patient populations, therapeutic resistance remains the major ob...
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven malignancy characterized by a profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that severely limits the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). In the modern comprehensive treatment era, the 5‑year overall survival...
Distant metastasis, predominantly to the liver, remains the leading cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC), yet biomarkers that capture metastatic competence remain limited. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven form of regulated cell death that can restrain tumor progressio...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality, and the widespread occurrence of drug resistance constitutes a central bottleneck that constrains therapeutic efficacy and adversely affects long-term patient outcomes. Current therapeutic strategies, guided by the Tumor-Node...
Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a novel type of targeted systemic therapy that is changing the current landscape of tumor treatment. By integrating the specificity of antibodies with the cytotoxic effects of their payloads, ADCs facilitate precise tumor killing. In solid tumors such as breast cance...
Copper bioavailability has been identified as a potential target for KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer, a disease for which treatment options remain limited. Therefore, we investigated copper homeostasis in isogeneic colorectal cancer cell models carrying distinct KRAS codon 12 mutations (G12C, G12D and...
The immune checkpoint programmed ligand 1 (PD-L1) is expressed in various solid tumors and is associated with immunotherapy prognosis. Dynamic assessment of PDL1 expression levels helps identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. Atezolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets PD-L1 and...
Dysfunctional tumor vasculature limits immune checkpoint blockade efficacy. We have recently established that endothelial SPEN deficiency promotes tumor vessel normalization by suppressing RNA polymerase I (RNAPI)-mediated rDNA transcription via inducing disrupted ribosome biogenesis and nucleolar s...
In neoadjuvant immunotherapy, radiological assessment of pathological complete response (pCR) is frequently inaccurate, and atypical response patterns are occasionally observed. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of new qualitative morphological changes for predicting pCR and ...
The efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in solid tumors is limited by the scarcity of stable antigen targets. To enhance CAR-T cell immunotherapy for solid tumors, we developed an integrated system that simultaneously introduces a surface antigen target for CAR-T cells and r...
Differences in microbiome composition profoundly influence drug response, yet methods to model the metabolic impact of microbes on host cells and therapeutics remain limited. We present a microbiome-aware computational framework combining machine learning and genome-scale metabolic models to predict...
BRAFV600-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer comprises a biologically distinct and clinically aggressive subset of metastatic colorectal cancer. Early attempts to apply single-agent BRAFV600 inhibition failed because of rapid acquired resistance and reactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase s...
Cancer has a substantial health and economic impact on the populations of the Gulf countries-the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, and Oman; however, uncertainty remains among decision-makers, payers, and stakeholders regarding their clinical and economic advantages. Hence, this study aims to eval...
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of different-sized drug eluting beads preloaded with irinotrcan (DEBIRI) used in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as second-line therapy for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRC-LM). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 65 patients...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide despite substantial advances in surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy. The limited efficacy of current treatment strategies in advanced disease and the emergence of th...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) carries a high recurrence risk. Aspirin has been proposed for secondary prevention, but its benefit remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated aspirin's impact on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). A systematic search of four dat...
Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) of premalignant colorectal lesions is an important area of research for understanding the diverse biological behavior of colorectal cancer (CRC). Accurate assessment of ITH depends substantially on the sampling strategy used. We present a novel methodological approach ...
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become a cornerstone of precision oncology in colorectal cancer (CRC), although its role in routine patient stratification remains incompletely defined. This retrospective single-centre study characterised the molecular landscape of clinically selected CRC patien...
Deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) are highly sensitive to immune checkpoint blockade. We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and clinical maturity of neoadjuvant PD-1-based immunotherapy in localized disease. This PRISMA-compliant system...
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the optimal temporal threshold for distinguishing "early" from "late" liver metastasis in patients who developed liver metastasis after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, and to evaluate whether KRAS and BRAFV600E mutations, along with other clinicopathological f...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide despite substantial advances in screening, surgical techniques, systemic therapies, and multidisciplinary care. The increasing implementation of precision oncology has fundamentally transfor...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown limited efficacy in solid tumors, largely due to immunosuppressive mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment (TME). While tumor-associated glycans are known to protect malignant cells from immune attack, the contribution of N-glycans expres...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, with high mortality due to genetic heterogeneity and resistance to treatment. Tumor Protein p53 (TP53) mutations are also among the most important molecular changes that can disrupt genomic stability and facilitate tumor progression, so it is...
The application of Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) for classifying Whole Slide Images (WSIs) has gained extensive use in recent years, primarily due to the high cost and time consumption associated with pixel-level annotation of WSIs, which is challenging to accomplish. The advancements in MIL for ...
Accurate profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) is often limited by the severe background leakage of conventional enzyme-free DNA amplification. Herein, we develop a 1D DNA nanowire-mediated dispersion-to-localization catalytic hairpin assembly (DL-CHA) platform for the highly sensitive detection of miRNAs...
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies; however, its clinical translation to solid tumors, including colon cancer, remains challenging. This review comprehensively examines the current landscape of CAR-T cell therapy for colon ...
Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a cornerstone chemotherapeutic for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), but its clinical use is limited by dose-dependent gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang (XCHT), a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, alleviates CPT-11-induced adverse effects, yet its...
Paliurus ramosissimus (PR) is a traditional folk medicinal plant recorded in Zhonghua Bencao (Chinese Materia Medica) and local medicinal records. In this study, Paliurus ramosissimus extract (PRex) was defined as an ethanol extract prepared from PR leaves. PR leaves have traditionally been used for...
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has high incidence and mortality but lacks reliable molecular biomarkers for prognosis and individualized therapy. Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and succinylation are closely implicated in COAD progression, yet their synergistic mechanism remains unclear. This stu...
Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are uncommon but are associated with poor prognosis and therapeutic challenges. These lesions may exhibit discordant responses to systemic therapy, suggesting site-specific biological heterogeneity. However, the molecular characteristics of CRC-associa...
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed treatment for deficient mismatch repair/high microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC), but durable benefit remains uncommon in microsatellite-stable/proficient mismatch repair (MSS/pMMR) disease. Negative combination trials ...
KRAS is a prevalent oncogenic driver whose therapeutic targeting has remained challenging beyond the G12C mutation. Here, we developed a gene circuit platform that enables the in vivo self-assembly of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) encapsulating KRAS-specific siRNAs for broad targeting of KRAS ...
Here, we establish a co-clinical computed tomography (CT) radiomics pipeline for the identification of candidate imaging biomarkers in RAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Orthotopic KRAS-mutant xenograft models (LOVO-Luc2 (N = 52) and SW480-Luc2 (N = 52)) were treated with standard-o...
Colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis (CRCPM) represents a highly aggressive clinical condition associated with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Anoikis resistance, a specialized form of apoptosis induced by loss of cell-matrix interactions, is essential for tumor cell survival duri...
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab versus Nivolumab monotherapy in previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with DNA mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) in China. An economic evaluation using a three-state...
KRAS is a central oncogenic driver in multiple solid malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and colorectal cancer. Activating KRAS mutations, together with co-mutations and gene-dosage alterations, reprogram signaling pathways, cellular metabolism, and ...