Cetuximab (Erbitux)
Immunotherapy · Approved since 2004
Description
Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and is approved for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. It is specifically indicated for patients with KRAS wild-type, NRAS wild-type, and BRAF wild-type tumors, as mutations in these genes predict resistance to EGFR inhibition. Cetuximab is used in combination with chemotherapy regimens like FOLFIRI or FOLFOX in both first-line and later-line treatment settings for metastatic disease. The drug requires RAS and BRAF mutation testing before initiation, as it provides no benefit and may cause harm in patients with these mutations.
Mechanism of Action
Cetuximab binds specifically to the extracellular domain of EGFR, blocking the binding of natural ligands such as epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha. This binding prevents EGFR dimerization and autophosphorylation, thereby inhibiting downstream signaling pathways including RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT that promote cell proliferation and survival. The antibody also mediates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) through immune effector cells.
Molecular Targets
Side Effects
Not all side effects are listed. Side effects vary by individual. Always consult your oncologist.
Clinical Trials
Quick Info
| Brand Name | Erbitux |
| Category | Immunotherapy |
 Status | FDA Approved |
 EMA Status | EMA Approved |
 Spain Access | Funded by SNS approved in CRC |
| Administration | IV |
| Year Approved | 2004 |
| Clinical Trials | 353 |
Regimens with this Drug
Related Medications
Medical Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare team before making treatment decisions.